Separable Extension

Let be a field extension.

Let

be an embedding into an algebraic closure .

Define

The separable degree of is defined as


Independence of the Embedding

Let

be two embeddings into algebraic closures and respectively.

Claim

There exists a bijection


Construction of the Bijection

We have:

The map

is an isomorphism.

Since:

  • is an algebraic closure of ,
  • is an algebraic closure of ,

the isomorphism extends to an isomorphism

Thus we may replace and by

respectively.

Now define a map:


Verification

Let , so

We check that:

For ,

Thus

This gives a bijection.

Hence the separable degree is independent of the choice of embedding and algebraic closure.


Bounding the Number of Embeddings

Let:

  • be a field,
  • an algebraic closure,
  • algebraic over ,
  • .

Let

be the minimal polynomial of over .

If

and

is an extension of , then:

must be a root of

Thus:


This gives the fundamental inequality:

Equality holds exactly when the extension is separable.